Know then thyself, presume not God to scan; The proper study of mankind is man. — Alexander Pope, Essay on Man PAST Several genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) [1-13] have been reported and provide evidence for over 40 genes involved in psoriasis causation (Table 1. Psoriasis susceptibility…
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Staphylococcus is a group of Gram-positive cocci. It is named because it appears spherical (cocci) and form in grape-like clusters [1-4] under the microscope. Staphylococci live all over us, and seem to have adapted to conditions in our skin that are uncongenial to most other bacteria [1,4-6]….
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Our present system of scientific communication depends almost entirely on the “primary” literature. This has three basic characteristics: it is fragmentary, derivative, and edited. Three characteristics are, however, quite essential. “The invention of a mechanism for the systematic publication…
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Isotretinoin Isotretinoin, retinoic acid (form of victamin A) derivative, is used to treat Pimples (Acne), Psoriasis, Cutaneous T-cell Lymphomas and Squamous Cell Skin Cancer. Trade names: Absorica, Accutane, Amnesteem, Claravis, Sotret, Roaccutane. Rhabdomyolysis Rhabdomyolysis is when muscle tissue…
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What is Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Interleukin-4 Receptor (IL-4R) IL-4 is produced by T cells. The T cells are kinds of immune system white blood cells, they locate and ‘eat’ harmful particles such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. IL-4R, also knowas Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha (IL-4Rα),…
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What is Interleukin-17 (IL-17) Interleukin 17 (IL-17 or IL-17A) is produced by T helper 17 (Th17) cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer to against infections such as AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis. The T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer are kinds of…
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What is Interleukin 12 (IL-12) Interleukin 12 has two subunits: IL-12A (p35) and IL-12B (p40). The IL-12 is produced by macrophages, monocytes and B lymphocytes to against infections such as AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis. The macrophages, monocytes and B lymphocytes are kinds of immune system white…
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What is “biologic” agent? Whole immune system suppression will cause serious side effects. Therefore “biologic” agents are developed to target partial immune systems for a variety of immune-mediated skin disorders, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, pemphigus…
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Real-world risks of serious infection, major cardiovascular events, and cancers have been looked at in the observational study, while effectiveness analyses have shed light on predictors, persistence, and drug utilization, among other topics. It’s giving us a huge amount of interesting information,…
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Importance Erosive pustular dermatosis (EPD) is a rare condition that typically affects actinically damaged skin of the scalp. Characterized by sterile pustules, erosions, and crusts, EPD is difficult to treat and heals slowly. The exact cause of EPD is unknown, although trauma is an inciting factor….
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