Glucocorticoids [1] plus the sympathetic nervous system [2] enables an organism to survive a physical stressor by activating the classical “fight or flight” response. The stress response rapidly mobilizes energy into circulation from storage sites in your body. Furthermore, heart rate and blood…
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What is Corticosteroid Withdrawal Syndrome CWS?Steroids Withdrawal Syndrome is a distinct clinical adverse effect of steroid. It is also called facial corticosteroid addictive dermatitis, red skin syndrome, topical corticosteroid induced rosacea-like dermatitis, steroid addiction syndrome, steroid…
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《新英格兰医学杂志》2020年7月9日发表了一篇取名为nemolizumab的生物制剂治疗湿疹的三期临床实验如下： 给一组患者注射nemolizumab，另一组注射安慰剂。注意⚠️：这里才是重点：在两组患者用药期间同时使用中等效力的外用糖皮质激素、外用钙调磷酸酶抑制剂和口服抗组胺药。这项研究还允许研究人员使用较高效力的外用糖皮质激素给于那些湿疹加重的患者。…
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Do we have eczema gene(s) – Time to rethink
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Know then thyself, presume not God to scan; The proper study of mankind is man. — Alexander Pope, Essay on Man PAST Several genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) [1-13] have been reported and provide evidence for over 40 genes involved in psoriasis causation (Table 1. Psoriasis susceptibility…
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Staphylococcus is a group of Gram-positive cocci. It is named because it appears spherical (cocci) and form in grape-like clusters [1-4] under the microscope. Staphylococci live all over us, and seem to have adapted to conditions in our skin that are uncongenial to most other bacteria [1,4-6]….
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Our present system of scientific communication depends almost entirely on the “primary” literature. This has three basic characteristics: it is fragmentary, derivative, and edited. Three characteristics are, however, quite essential. “The invention of a mechanism for the systematic publication…
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Isotretinoin Isotretinoin, retinoic acid (form of victamin A) derivative, is used to treat Pimples (Acne), Psoriasis, Cutaneous T-cell Lymphomas and Squamous Cell Skin Cancer. Trade names: Absorica, Accutane, Amnesteem, Claravis, Sotret, Roaccutane. Rhabdomyolysis Rhabdomyolysis is when muscle tissue…
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What is Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Interleukin-4 Receptor (IL-4R) IL-4 is produced by T cells. The T cells are kinds of immune system white blood cells, they locate and ‘eat’ harmful particles such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. IL-4R, also knowas Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha (IL-4Rα),…
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What is Interleukin-17 (IL-17) Interleukin 17 (IL-17 or IL-17A) is produced by T helper 17 (Th17) cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer to against infections such as AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis. The T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer are kinds of…
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