Fungal Acne and Common Acne 真菌粉刺与寻常痤疮

Fungal Acne often gets mistaken for common Acne Vulgaris, yet they are distinct in their causes and symptoms. Acne vulgaris, a prevalent skin condition, occurs when hair follicles are blocked with bacteria, oil, and dead skin. On the other hand, fungal acne, also known as Malassezia folliculitis or Pityrosporum folliculitis, arises from a fungal infection in hair follicles caused by the Malassezia yeast. While both types of acne may coexist, fungal acne stands out for its potential itchiness, unlike acne vulgaris.

Clusters of small, itchy, red bumps, medically termed papules, characterize fungal acne. These bumps can evolve into whiteheads, forming small pockets of white or yellow pus known as pustules. Notably, fungal acne may also induce closed comedones, particularly on the forehead.

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Anyone can experience fungal acne, but it is most common among adolescents and young adult males, particularly those with oily skin where yeast thrives. Factors such as living in a hot, humid climate, a weakened immune system, other fungal infections, excessive sweating, use of oil-based skincare products, and antibiotic use can contribute to the likelihood of developing fungal acne.

Malassezia yeast, naturally present on the skin, becomes problematic when hair follicles are damaged or blocked, providing an entry point for the yeast. This damage can result from various factors, including skin friction, heat and humidity, hair removal practices, frequent touching or rubbing of the skin, hot tub or whirlpool use, wearing tight clothing, and the use of certain medications like antibiotics.

Antibiotic use, in particular, can disrupt the balance of bacteria on the skin, leading to an overgrowth of yeast that may trigger or worsen fungal acne. Conditions or medications that suppress the immune system also increase the risk of fungal acne by compromising the body’s ability to control yeast growth.

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Symptoms of fungal acne include a sudden breakout of small pimples resembling a rash, often forming in clusters with a distinctive red border or ring around each pimple. The affected skin may feel burning, itching, or pain. While these blemishes can appear anywhere on the body, they are most common on the chin, chest, forehead, neck, upper arms, shoulders, and upper back.

Understanding the nuances of fungal acne, its triggers, and symptoms is crucial for accurate identification and effective management of this specific skin condition.

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In situations where the disease information had already been made publicly available (as evidenced by prior articles), genuine names of individuals have been utilized. Conversely, in instances where there was no pre-existing public disclosure or at the explicit request of patients for privacy, pseudonyms have been employed. Furthermore, identities have been deliberately obscured, and certain contextual details and diagnoses have been modified to hinder any attempts at identification. It is essential to emphasize that the patients and encounters described in this work are authentic, and their consent for publication was duly obtained. As responsible authors, we earnestly implore all our readers to honor the privacy and confidentiality of these individuals. Additionally, certain scenarios, assessments, and clinical interventions have been altered to safeguard the anonymity of both patients and healthcare providers.